Security Roadmap

Step by step guide

How to Protect Against Password Cracking Attacks

Minimize risk with stronger passwords, password managers and modern authentication strategies

Posted by Hüseyin Sekmenoğlu on November 21, 2023

Understanding All Types of Authorization in ASP.NET Core

A developer's guide to Role-Based, Claim-Based and Attribute-Based Authorization with real-world use cases

Posted by Hüseyin Sekmenoğlu on June 02, 2021

Achieving Security by Design

Build safer applications by making security a fundamental part of architecture

Posted by Hüseyin Sekmenoğlu on May 24, 2021

How to Know If Your Phone Has a Virus

Five Clear Signs Your Android Device Might Be Infected

Posted by Hüseyin Sekmenoğlu on May 16, 2017

Let’s Encrypt Everything: Free SSL for Everyone

Why You No Longer Have an Excuse to Run a Website Without HTTPS

Posted by Hüseyin Sekmenoğlu on February 01, 2017

🛡️ Security Fundamentals

  • What is Application Security?

  • CIA Triad (Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability)

  • Security vs Privacy

  • Common Threats (XSS, CSRF, SQL Injection, etc.)

  • OWASP Top 10 Overview

  • Secure Development Lifecycle (SDL)

💡 Understanding risks is the first step in defending against them.

🧰 Web Application Security

  • Input Validation & Output Encoding

  • HTTPS, TLS and SSL

  • Authentication (Sessions, JWT, OAuth)

  • Authorization (RBAC, ABAC)

  • Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)

  • Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)

  • SQL/NoSQL Injection

  • File Upload Security

🛠 Tools: OWASP ZAP, Postman, Burp Suite (Community Edition)

🔒 Authentication & Identity

  • Password Hashing (bcrypt, PBKDF2, Argon2)

  • Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

  • OAuth 2.0 / OpenID Connect

  • SSO (Single Sign-On)

  • Session Management Best Practices

💡 Never store passwords in plain text — use strong, salted hashes.

🔐 Secure APIs

  • Securing REST APIs (Tokens, Scopes)

  • Rate Limiting & Throttling

  • API Keys vs OAuth

  • Preventing Replay Attacks

  • CORS Configuration

  • Input Sanitization

  • Schema Validation (e.g., Joi, Zod)

⚙️ Secure Coding Practices

  • Principle of Least Privilege

  • Error & Exception Handling

  • Avoiding Hardcoded Secrets

  • Using Secure Defaults

  • Handling Sensitive Data (e.g., GDPR compliance)

  • Secure Deserialization

🧠 Code securely by default — don’t rely on external protection alone.

🔎 Static & Dynamic Analysis

  • Static Application Security Testing (SAST)

  • Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST)

  • Software Composition Analysis (SCA)

  • Secret Scanning Tools (e.g., GitGuardian, TruffleHog)

Tools: SonarQube, Snyk, Checkmarx, Bandit (Python), ESLint Security Plugins

📦 Dependency & Package Security

  • Keeping Dependencies Updated

  • Using Package Lock Files (npm, pip, etc.)

  • Verifying Package Authenticity

  • Detecting Vulnerabilities with SCA Tools

  • Avoiding Malicious Packages

🧱 Secure Deployment & DevSecOps

  • CI/CD Security (secrets, permission scoping)

  • Secrets Management (Vault, AWS Secrets Manager)

  • Container Security (Docker best practices, image scanning)

  • Kubernetes Security (RBAC, Network Policies)

  • Infrastructure as Code (IaC) Security

  • Least Privilege IAM Configuration

🛑 Defensive Architecture & Monitoring

  • Web Application Firewalls (WAF)

  • IDS/IPS (Snort, Suricata)

  • Logging & Audit Trails

  • Rate Limiting & DoS Protection

  • Secure Headers (CSP, HSTS, X-Content-Type-Options)

  • Zero Trust Architecture Principles

🔬 Penetration Testing Basics

  • What is Penetration Testing?

  • Reconnaissance & Enumeration

  • Manual Testing with Burp Suite

  • Using Kali Linux Tools (nmap, sqlmap, etc.)

  • Reporting Vulnerabilities

  • Legal & Ethical Considerations

🧪 Pentesting is about thinking like an attacker — responsibly.

🎯 Security Interview Prep

  • OWASP Top 10 Scenarios

  • Secure Design Questions

  • Threat Modeling Basics

  • Incident Response Questions

  • Explain OAuth vs JWT

  • Scenario: Secure a file upload endpoint

🤝 Resources & Communities

  • OWASP.org Projects

  • HackerOne / Bugcrowd Writeups

  • Awesome Security Lists (GitHub)

  • Cybersecurity Subreddits & Discords

  • YouTube Channels (LiveOverflow, STÖK, NetworkChuck)