Backend Roadmap

Step by step guide

🛠️ Core Backend Concepts

  • CRUD Operations

  • Authentication & Authorization (OAuth, JWT)

  • MVC Architecture

  • Middlewares

  • Logging & Error Handling

  • Environments & Configuration

💡 Tip: Combine these concepts with a small Express, Flask, or ASP.NET Core project for better understanding.


🚧 Backend Frameworks

Node.js

  • Express.js Crash Course

  • Express Middleware

.NET / ASP.NET Core

  • MVC vs Minimal APIs

  • Dependency Injection in ASP.NET Core

Python

  • Flask vs Django

  • Build REST APIs with Flask

Java

  • Spring Boot Basics

  • Dependency Injection in Spring


🗃️ Databases

  • SQL Basics (PostgreSQL / SQL Server)

  • Writing Queries with JOINs

  • Indexing & Query Optimization

  • ORM (Entity Framework, Sequelize, SQLAlchemy)

  • NoSQL (MongoDB Essentials)


🔨 Practice Projects

  • Build a Notes API

  • Build an Auth System with JWT

  • Blog CMS Backend

  • File Upload API with Validation

💡 Bonus: Provide GitHub repo links or starter templates later.


🔬 Advanced Topics

  • Caching Strategies (Redis, In-Memory)

  • Background Jobs (Hangfire, BullMQ, Celery)

  • Message Queues (RabbitMQ, Kafka)

  • Microservices & gRPC

  • API Versioning

  • Rate Limiting & Throttling


🎯 Interview Preparation

  • Common Backend Interview Questions

  • System Design Basics

  • Build a Scalable URL Shortener

  • Explain REST vs GraphQL


🔐 Security Basics

  • Input Validation

  • XSS, CSRF, SQL Injection

  • HTTPS & TLS

  • Secure Password Storage (bcrypt, PBKDF2)

🛡️ Security first! Add these even to your smallest side projects.


🤝 Community & Contributions

  • Top GitHub Repos to Learn Backend

  • Awesome Backend Dev Lists

  • Suggest a Resource – Contact us or use the submission form